الفعل في الإنكليزية يأتي كـ:
1. فعل أساسي مجرد من أي
إضافة به مثل ing أو s ... .
ونستخدم هذا الأفعال الأساسي
في حالات بعد:
He
used to play football.
أعتاد
أن يلعب الكرة.
Let
me go.
دعني
أذهب.
وغير ذلك. لاحظ أننا لم نلحق
بالفعل أي مقاطع.
2. فعل يعبر عن الزمن
الحالي. ونستطيع أن نلحق به مقاطع.
I go to work everyday.
أذهب إلى العمل كل يوم.
I am eating
now.
.أنا آكل الآن
3. فعل يعبر عن الزمن
الماضي. وعلى حسب الفعل، نضيفed:
I passed
(pass) the exam.
اجتزت الاختبار.
أو نغير أجزاء منه:
He built
(build) a big house.
بنى منزلاً كبيراً.
أو يحتفظ بنفس الأحرف ويختلف
بالنطق:
I read (read) a novel
yesterday night.
قرأت رواية ليلة أمس.
/رَد/
، /ريِد/
أو يحتفظ بنفس الأحرف والنطق:
I
put (put) my
keys on the dining table.
وضعت مفاتيحي على طاولة
الطعام.
4. الصيغة الرابعة من الفعل
نسميها past participle
ونستخدمها
كصفة:
He has a
broken leg.
لديه ساق
مكسورة.
أو للتعبير عن الزمن التام
بعد has و have و had :
He has just
finished his homework.
للتو انتهى من واجبه.
أو لصيغة الفعل مجهول الفاعل:
My car is
stolen.
سُرقت
سيارتي.
وعلى حسب الفعل، صيغتها
تكون:
مثل الفعل الأساسي
come – came – come
يأتي - أتى.
أو مثل الفعل الماضي sleep –
slept – slept
ينام – نام.
أو صيغة متغيرة في أجزاءٍ من
الفعل الأساسي والماضي مثل:
go
– went – gone
يذهب – ذهب.
وفيما يلي قائمة بهذه
الأفعال. وتذكر أن الهدف من هذا القائمة ليس الحفظ بل اعتبارها كمرجع ترجع
لها عند الحاجة عندما تكتب أو تتحدث. وتذكر أنه خطأ كبير أن تحفظ كلمة في
غير سياق النص لأنك سرعان ما ستنساها:
-
فعل الزمن التام
-
إحدى صيغ الصفة
-
الفعل المجهول |
فعل الزمن الماضي |
فعل الزمن الحاضر |
الفعل الأساسي المجرد من الإضافة |
المعنى |
awoken |
awoke |
awake |
awake |
يستيقظ |
been |
was, were |
be |
be |
يكون |
born |
bore |
bear |
bear |
يحمل، يلد |
beat |
beat |
beat |
beat |
يضرب |
become |
became |
become |
become |
يصبح |
begun |
began |
begin |
begin |
يبدأ |
bent |
bent |
bend |
bend |
ينحني |
bet |
bet |
bet |
bet |
يراهن |
bitten |
bit |
bite |
bite |
يعض |
bled |
bled |
bleed |
bleed |
ينـزف |
blown |
blew |
blow |
blow |
يَهْب |
broken |
broke |
break |
break |
يكسر |
brought |
brought |
bring |
bring |
يحضر |
built |
built |
build |
build |
يبني |
burned/burnt |
burned/burnt |
burn |
burn |
يحترق |
burst |
burst |
burst |
burst |
ينفجر |
bought |
bought |
buy |
buy |
يشتري |
caught |
caught |
catch |
catch |
يصطاد |
chosen |
chose |
choose |
choose |
يختار |
clung |
clung |
cling |
cling |
يتشبث |
come |
came |
come |
come |
يحضر |
cost |
cost |
cost |
cost |
يكلف |
crept |
crept |
creep |
creep |
يزحف |
cut |
cut |
cut |
cut |
يقطع |
dealt |
dealt |
deal |
deal |
يتعامل |
dug |
dug |
dig |
dig |
يحفر |
dived |
dived/dove |
dive |
dive |
يغوص |
done |
did |
do |
do |
يفعل |
drawn |
drew |
draw |
draw |
يرسم |
dreamed/dreamt |
dreamed/dreamt |
dream |
dream |
يحلم |
driven |
drove |
drive |
drive |
يسوق |
drunk |
drank |
drink |
drink |
يشرب |
eaten |
ate |
eat |
eat |
يأكل |
fallen |
fell |
fall |
fall |
يسقط |
fed |
fed |
feed |
feed |
يطعم |
felt |
felt |
feel |
feel |
يشعر |
fought |
fought |
fight |
fight |
يقاتل |
found |
found |
find |
find |
يجد |
fit |
fit |
fit |
fit |
يناسب |
fled |
fled |
flee |
flee |
يهرب |
flung |
flung |
fling |
fling |
يقذف |
flown |
flew |
fly |
fly |
يطير |
forbidden |
forbade |
forbid |
forbid |
يمنع |
forgotten |
forgot |
forget |
forget |
ينسى |
foregone |
forewent |
forego (forgo) |
forego (forgo) |
يتنازل عن |
forgiven |
forgave |
forgive |
forgive |
يغفر |
forsaken |
forsook |
forsake |
forsake |
يهجر |
frozen |
froze |
freeze |
freeze |
يجمد |
gotten |
got |
get |
get |
يحصل |
given |
gave |
give |
give |
يعطي |
gone |
went |
go |
go |
يذهب |
ground |
ground |
grind |
grind |
يطحن |
grown |
grew |
grow |
grow |
ينمو |
hung |
hung |
hang |
hang |
يعلق |
heard |
heard |
hear |
hear |
يسمع |
hidden |
hid |
hide |
hide |
يختبئ |
hit |
hit |
hit |
hit |
يضرب |
held |
held |
hold |
hold |
يمسك |
hurt |
hurt |
hurt |
hurt |
يؤذي |
kept |
kept |
keep |
keep |
يحتفظ |
knelt |
knelt |
kneel |
kneel |
يركع |
knit |
knit |
knit |
knit |
يحيك |
know |
knew |
know |
know |
يعلم |
laid |
laid |
lay |
lay |
يبيض |
led |
led |
lead |
lead |
يقود |
leaped/leapt |
leaped/leapt |
leap |
leap |
يقفز |
learned/learnt |
learned/learnt |
learn |
learn |
يتعلم |
left |
left |
leave |
leave |
يغادر |
lent |
lent |
lend |
lend |
يعير |
let |
let |
let |
let |
يسمح |
lain |
lay |
lie |
lie |
يكذب |
lighted |
lighted/lit |
light |
light |
يُشعل |
lost |
lost |
lose |
lose |
يخسر |
made |
made |
make |
make |
يعمل |
meant |
meant |
mean |
mean |
يقصد |
met |
met |
meet |
meet |
يقابل |
misspelled/misspelt |
misspelled/misspelt |
misspell |
misspell |
يخطئ في التهجئة |
mistaken |
mistook |
mistake |
mistake |
يخطئ |
mowed/mown |
mowed |
mow |
mow |
يحصد |
overcome |
overcame |
overcome |
overcome |
يتغلب |
overdone |
overdid |
overdo |
overdo |
يتمادى |
overtaken |
overtook |
overtake |
overtake |
يلحق |
overthrown |
overthrew |
overthrow |
overthrow |
يهزم |
paid |
paid |
pay |
pay |
يدفع |
pled |
pled |
plead |
plead |
يتوسل |
proved/proven |
proved |
prove |
prove |
يثبت |
put |
put |
put |
put |
يضع |
quit |
quit |
quit |
quit |
يكف |
read |
read |
read |
read |
يقرأ |
rid |
rid |
rid |
rid |
يتخلص |
ridden |
rode |
ride |
ride |
يركب |
rung |
rang |
ring |
ring |
يرن |
risen |
rose |
rise |
rise |
ينهض |
run |
ran |
run |
run |
يجري |
sawed/sawn |
sawed |
saw |
saw |
ينشر |
said |
said |
say |
say |
يقول |
seen |
saw |
see |
see |
يرى |
sought |
sought |
seek |
seek |
يبحث |
sold |
sold |
sell |
sell |
يبيع |
sent |
sent |
send |
send |
يرسل |
set |
set |
set |
set |
ينظم |
sewed/sewn |
sewed |
sew |
sew |
يقطب |
shaken |
shook |
shake |
shake |
يهز |
shaved/shaven |
shaved |
shave |
shave |
يحلق |
shorn |
shore |
shear |
shear |
يقص صوف الغنم |
shed |
shed |
shed |
shed |
يسكب |
shone |
shone |
shine |
shine |
يلمع |
shot |
shot |
shoot |
shoot |
يقنص |
showed/shown |
showed |
show |
show |
يعرض |
shrunk |
shrank |
shrink |
shrink |
ينكمش |
shut |
shut |
shut |
shut |
يغلق |
sung |
sang |
sing |
sing |
يغني |
sunk |
sank |
sink |
sink |
يغرق |
sat |
sat |
sit |
sit |
يجلس |
slept |
slept |
sleep |
sleep |
ينام |
slain |
slew |
slay |
slay |
ينحر |
slid |
slid |
slide |
slide |
يزحلق |
slung |
slung |
sling |
sling |
يدلي |
slit |
slit |
slit |
slit |
يشق |
sowed/sown |
sowed |
sow |
sow |
يبذر |
spoken |
spoke |
speak |
speak |
يتكلم |
sped |
sped |
speed |
speed |
يسرع |
spent |
spent |
spend |
spend |
ينفق |
spilled/spilt |
spilled/spilt |
spill |
spill |
يريق |
spun |
spun |
spin |
spin |
يدور |
spit |
spit/spat |
spit |
spit |
يبصق |
split |
split |
split |
split |
ينقسم |
spread |
spread |
spread |
spread |
ينتشر |
sprung |
sprang/sprung |
spring |
spring |
ينبع |
stood |
stood |
stand |
stand |
يقف |
stolen |
stole |
steal |
steal |
يسرق |
stuck |
stuck |
stick |
stick |
يلتصق |
stung |
stung |
sting |
sting |
يلسع |
stunk |
stank |
stink |
stink |
ينتن |
stridden |
strod |
stride |
stride |
يمشي بخطى واسعة |
struck |
struck |
strike |
strike |
يضرب |
strung |
strung |
string |
string |
يخيط |
striven |
strove |
strive |
strive |
يتضور |
sworn |
swore |
swear |
swear |
يقسم |
swept |
swept |
sweep |
sweep |
يكنس |
swelled/swollen |
swelled |
swell |
swell |
يتورم |
swum |
swam |
swim |
swim |
يسبح |
swung |
swung |
swing |
swing |
يتأرجح |
taken |
took |
take |
take |
يأخذ |
taught |
taught |
teach |
teach |
يدرس |
torn |
tore |
tear |
tear |
يدمع |
told |
told |
tell |
tell |
يخبر |
thought |
thought |
think |
think |
يظن |
thrived |
thrived/throve |
thrive |
thrive |
يزدهر |
thrown |
threw |
throw |
throw |
يرمي |
thrust |
thrust |
thrust |
thrust |
يقحم |
trodden |
trod |
tread |
tread |
يدوس |
understood |
understood |
understand |
understand |
يفهم |
upheld |
upheld |
uphold |
uphold |
يؤيد |
upset |
upset |
upset |
upset |
يقلق |
woken |
woke |
wake |
wake |
يستيقظ |
worn |
wore |
wear |
wear |
يرتدي |
weaved/woven |
weaved/wove |
weave |
weave |
ينسج |
wed |
wed |
wed |
wed |
ينكح |
wept |
wept |
weep |
weep |
ينتحب |
wound |
wound |
wind |
wind |
يلتوي |
won |
won |
win |
win |
يربح |
withheld |
withheld |
withhold |
withhold |
يكبح |
withstood |
withstood |
withstand |
withstand |
يتصدى |
written |
wrote |
write |
write |
يكتب |
|